Spectrum Computing

This week celebrates the 100th birthday of The Greenwich Time Signal, otherwise known as 'the pips'.

It's a sequence of 1000 Hz pulses. It starts with 5 x 0.1 second pulses every second, then finishes with a 0.5 second pulse.

I'm a duffer when it comes to sound, but I think BEEP 23 is close to 1000 Hz (?), and PAUSE 45 is the remaining 0.9 seconds after the pulse (50 frames * 0.9)

10 FOR A=1 TO 5
20 BEEP 0.1,23
30 PAUSE 45
40 NEXT A
50 BEEP 0.5,23

Am I way off? Can anyone get this perfect in BASIC or asm?

They should have gone with Sinclair.

R-Tape wrote: ↑Wed Feb 07, 2024 12:22 pm 10 FOR A=1 TO 5
20 BEEP 0.1,23
30 PAUSE 45
40 NEXT A
50 BEEP 0.5,23

I make it that BEEP 23.2 is the closest BASIC can get to 1000 Hertz (having more decimal places makes no difference to the rom routine). Can anyone in the know confirm?

I can try. If you want exactly 1000 Hz, get your assembler out and do it that way.

Also: at the third stroke, the time sponsored by Accurist will be... 6... 15... and 20 seconds.

FOR A=1 TO 3: BEEP 0.1,23: PAUSE 45: NEXT A

TMD2003 wrote: ↑Wed Feb 07, 2024 6:15 pm I can try.

Cheers. When I first tried it, I somehow calculated that it was BEEP 11, and when I heard it thought 'yep sounds about right', so my work and ear should be double checked!

If you want exactly 1000 Hz, get your assembler out and do it that way.

Working on it, but I'm finding it a challenge. On the plus side my scant knowledge of t-states and frequency has improved a bit.

From BASIC you can have either: or The choice is yours....

Anyway, this is what I typed into my Speccy (issue 6A plus): Mark

PS I have absolutely no music ability or talent (at school they only let me loose with a triangle ) but I don't think there will be many, if any who can tell the difference between those two frequencies / tones.

PPS frequency measured on a multimeter that costs more that the Speccy did!

Brilliant. Thanks for checking @1024MAK, and actually measuring!

I was mistaken in thinking the second decimal place makes no difference then. I was only looking closely at the contents of the DE register (thinking that was all that mattered for pitch) on arrival at the rom routine at 949.

23.2 DE = 99
HL = 408

23.21 DE = 99
HL = 407

The ideal 23.213 makes no difference to the above.

1024MAK wrote: ↑Wed Feb 07, 2024 10:42 pm PS I have absolutely no music ability or talent (at school they only let me loose with a triangle ) but I don't think there will be many, if any who can tell the difference between those two frequencies / tones.

I tried running a sequence of 23.2 with occasional 23.21 thrown in, and thankfully my life doesn't depend on picking them out because I've got zero chance of doing so!

For the record: my enjoyment of the two Perturbator albums "I Am The Night" and "Dangerous Days" (an excellent soundtrack for doing what you now all know I do with that last program on the Next Dumping Ground) is compromised by the intrusion of Isabella Goloversic. She would be a reasonable singer, except that she is consistently a quarter of a tone flat - and that's enough for me to notice. The A above middle C, about dead centre of the standard female range, is defined in standard concert pitch as exactly 440 Hz, and the semitones each side of that are 415.305 and 466.164 Hz. Hence, a quarter of a tone at that pitch is 12-13 Hz. At 1 kHz (midway between the B and C two octaves above middle C), the quarter-tone is more like 34-35 Hz.

Hence, I doubt there is anyone who can tell the difference between 999.3 and 1001.0 Hz. Anyone who can will find every piece of music made by real instruments jarringly out of tune by even the slightest sniff.

TMD2003 wrote: ↑Thu Feb 08, 2024 8:29 pm Hence, a quarter of a tone at that pitch is 12-13 Hz.

I'm pleased to say that even I can hear the difference between BEEP 9 vs BEEP 8.47. At 0.3 seconds it's like an ambulance siren.

Clearly you're ready to make the jump into smeg head territory that is microtonal music. The smugness among those who listen to it and pretend to like it is suffocating.

But then there's xenharmonic music, for even more smeg head credibility. Allow me with that one.